EN
Isingeniso
Ukuhlaziya ukuba khona kwezidakamizwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-urine kuye kwaba yinto evamile kochwepheshe abaningi. Nakuba indebe yokuqoqa umchamo ibizwa ngokufanele futhi ibizwa yonke indawo ngokuthi indebe yomchamo, ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa akunakulinganiselwa. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa, kufanele kubhekwane nezici eziningi - ukuvimbela izingozi, ukuklama izitsha zokuqoqa umchamo, izinqubo zokusebenzisa izitsha zokuqoqa umchamo, ukulungiswa kwesampula, ukuhlolwa kwaselebhu nokuhlaziywa kwemiphumela.
- Ukuhlobana kokuklama nezinkomishi zomchamo nokukhethwa kwazo.
Ukwakheka kwesitsha somchamo kunethonya eliqondile ekulungeni nasekuphepheni kokuthathwa kwesampula lomchamo. Lapho ukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwekapu lomchamo, kudingeka ukhumbule izici ezilandelayo:
Ukwakheka: Izinhlobo zezipuni zokugcoba ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile zenziwa ngengilazi noma ngepulasitiki. Izinkomishi zepulasitiki zokubilisa umchamo zilula, ziyathuthwa, azinakuqhekeka futhi zingalahlwa kodwa izinkomishi zezingilazi zokubilisa umchamo zinzima, ziqinile futhi ziyakwazi ukumelana nokushintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa okwenza zilungele kangcono ukugcina amasampula.
Uhlobo lokuvala: Isitsha somchamo esiphumelelayo kufanele sivale ngokuphelele ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola noma ukuvuza kwesampula. Isembozo sokuvala sizovimba ukungcola okuvela emiphumeleni yemvelo kumakhemikhali omchamo angashintsha imiphumela yokuhlola.
Izilinganiso: Izinkomishi ezimbalwa zomchamo zinamabala ezilinganiso okusindisa odokotela nochwepheshe baselebhu umzamo njengoba bekwazi ukulinganisa inani lomchamo oqoqiwe. Lokhu kungase kube okubalulekile kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nokuhlolwa okudinga ukuhlaziywa kokuhlushwa kwezidakamizwa.
Ukulahla: Ukusebenzisa izinkomishi zomchamo ezilahlwayo kusiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni amathuba okutheleleka, kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lokho okuhlolwayo kuyisampula elisha futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kusiza ekugwemeni ukuthi amasampula amadala angathikamezi imiphumela esikhathini esizayo.
Inqubo evamile yokuqoqwa komchamo.
Ukuqoqwa kwesampula yomchamo kuyisinyathelo esibucayi kakhulu senqubo yokuhlola izidakamizwa. Ngezansi kunezinqubo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zokunamathela ekuqoqweni kwesampula lomchamo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bayo:
Ukulungiselela: Ngaphambi kokuphuma baye ensimini bayothatha amasampula omchamo, abasebenzi abahlolwayo kufanele baqoqe zonke izinto ezidingekayo ezifana nezinkomishi zokuqoqa umchamo, izinto zokubhala, amagilavu okuvikela kanye nesibulala-magciwane. Yonke imishini kufanele ibe sesimweni esihlanzekile.
Yazisa umuntu ohlolwayo: Ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe isampula, umhloli kufanele achazele umuntu ohlolwayo izinjongo zokuqoqwa kanye namasu okufanele asetshenziswe nokuthi yini okufanele igwenywe ukuze akhululeke ekucindezelekeni kwengqondo nasekungabazeni.
Ukubaluleka Kokugxusha Kulokhu, umuntu ovivinywa kufanele athathe umchamo endaweni ehlanzekile. Kuhloswe ukusebenzisa umchamo ophakathi nomfula okuwumkhuba lapho umuntu ekhipha umchamo ekuqaleni kokugxusha ukuze avimbele ukungcoliswa kwendebe ye-pus noma isampula lomchamo ngemuva kokugxusha.
Ukuhlonza nokufaka amalebula amasampula: Kubalulekile ukubhala igama, isikhathi sokuqoqwa, neminye imininingwane ebalulekile endishini yomchamo engenamsoco ezopakishwa ukuze ihlaziywe kamuva kanye nesampula yomchamo eqoqwe ngesikhathi senqubo.
3, Ukuphathwa nokuthuthwa kwamasampula
Ukugcinwa kanye nezindlela zokuhamba kwamaphiko omchamo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo lapho kuhloswe ngemiphumela yokuhlola enembile.
Mayelana nokugcinwa: Akukho bungozi ekugcinweni kwamaphilisi omchamo ekamelweni lokushisa kude nelanga nasezindaweni eziphakeme ngoba lokhu kungashintsha ukwakheka komchamo. Ezimweni zokugcina isikhathi eside, isampula lingagcinwa esiqandisini, okungcono cishe ku-4°C.
Hlola amasampula ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngemva kokuqoqa amasampula omchamo ukuze ahlolwe, kufanele athunyelwe ngokushesha elabhorethri, ngokuvamile kungakapheli amahora angu-24. Ukwehluleka ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi esinconyiwe kubangela ukuba izingxenye zomchamo ziqhekeke, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukuzwela kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
Ukugwema ukungcola: Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indebe yomchamo ivaliwe kahle ukuze kugwenywe izinto zangaphandle ezingangcolisa isampula ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa kwesampula. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kubalulekile futhi ukuthi isampula lingawi noma lonakale nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu
Inqubo yokuhlaziywa kwe-urine drug testing yesampula lomchamo iyisigaba sokugcina senqubo yokuqinisekisa yokuhlolwa okuhloswe ngayo umlando wokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi. Izici ezibalulekile, kulokhu ezisiza ukufeza imiphumela ethembekile:
Izinqubo Zokusebenza Ezingokwezifiso: Wonke amalebhu kufanele abe nezimfuneko eziqondile ukuze ubufakazi obuqoqwe ekwamukeleni amasampula, ekucubunguleni nasekuhloleni bungalahleki ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuhambisana nezinqubo zokusebenza ezingezona ezesiFunda (SOPs).
Amasu afanele okuhlola izidakamizwa: Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene; kuhlanganise kodwa kungaphelelanga ekuhlolweni komzimba nokuhlolwa kwe-GC-MS. Izindlela ezifanele zokuhlola izidakamizwa zingathuthukisa ukuthembeka kwemiphumela ngokuya ngokuzwela nokukhethekile.
Ukulinganiswa kwemishini: Ukulinganiswa njalo nokuhlala njalo nokugcinwa kwemishini yokuhlola yaselebhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle nasekucaciseni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekuqinisekiseni inani lokuhlushwa kwezidakamizwa esampula elizohlolwa.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi: Kungaba nengqondo ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinqubo eziqinile ze-QA/QC futhi kukhiqizwe imibiko eningiliziwe ekuhlolweni kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-QA kwedatha yokuhlolwa kwelebhu.
6, Isiphetho
Akungabazeki ukuthi izinkomishi zomchamo ziyizikhwama ezingangeni manzi uma kuziwa kunoma yikuphi ukuklama okusebenzayo, ukusetshenziswa, ukuqoqwa kwesampula nokuhlolwa ebhodini lokuhlola lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso ngokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa ngomchamo: lapho kuhambisana nezinqubo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza eziphelele nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi okuqinile, ukunemba kokuhlolwa kungathuthukiswa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kwenze imiphumela ibe usizo ekwenzeni izinqumo zezokwelapha noma zomthetho. Indlela efanele yokusebenzisa izitsha zokubilisa umchamo nezidakamizwa iyokwandisa ukuthembeka kokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa futhi kusize ekuvikeleni impilo yabantu.