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Njengoba siqhubeka kulo nyaka nangemva kwawo, izwe lamapayipi okuqoqa amathe ligxila emathendeni akamuva ekuxilongweni kwezifo. Amapayipi okuqoqa amathe aklanyelwe ukwenza kube lula ukuqoqa, ukugcina nokuthutha amasampula amathe. I- saliva ingabuye ihlolwe ukuze kutholakale izimpawu eziningi ze- saliva ezikhombisa izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo. Njengoba ezempilo zigxile ekunikezeni induduzo ezigulini nasekwenzeni izinqubo zibe lula ukuzithola, ukubaluleka kwamapayipi okuqoqa amathe kuyanda kakhulu.
Umlomo ugcwele ukwaziswa okuningi okungokwemvelo. Umlomo ugcwele amaprotheni, amahomoni nezinto zofuzo ezingasiza ekuboneni isimo sempilo yomuntu. Ukumunca amathe kuyindlela elula futhi engenabuhlungu ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwegazi futhi kungenziwa ezindaweni eziningi okwenza kube lula ukuthi iziguli nodokotela bezempilo basebenze. Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo ezingenhla, kuba lula ngezingane nasebekhulile ukusebenzisa amathe esikhundleni sokuthathwa igazi.
Amapayipi asetshenziselwa ukuqoqa amasampula e-saliva athuthukisiwe ngenjongo yokuthuthukisa ukuphelela kwamasampula. Kuthengiswa amashubhu aqukethe iziqinisi ezingakwazi ukuhlukanisa ama-analyte enza amasampula, okuvumela ukuba kwenziwe izivivinyo ezithile ngokunembile. Lezi zinyathelo ezintsha azisizi nje kuphela ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukuhlolwa okwenziwe kunembile kodwa zandisa inani lokuhlolwa okungenziwa ngamathe okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kofuzo, ukuhlolwa kwamahomoni nezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthambekela okudlangile kwezokwelapha ezenzelwe umuntu siqu kuye kwakhuthaza ukuxilongwa okusekelwe egazini. Njengoba imithi eqondile ikhulisa ukuthembela ekuqapheni ama-biomarker athile, ukuhlolwa kwama-biomarker omlomo kuvumela ukulandelela kalula amapharamitha abalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo. Umkhuba onjalo ubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile ezifana ne-oncology yezingane, lapho amasampula e-saliva anganikeza kalula ubufakazi bomqondo njengokuba khona kwamamaki athile e-oncological, okungaholela ekuhlolweni kweziguli eziningi ze-oncology zezingane, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele emiphumeleni engcono yomtholampilo.
Ukuhamba kwamashubhu okuqoqa amathe kubonakala kukhanya kahle uma sicabangela ijubane ubuchwepheshe obuthonya ngalo emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Njengoba kusakhiwa ngokuzimisela izimpawu ezintsha nezindlela ezintsha zokuhlola, la mathubhu agcwalisa futhi enze inqubo yokuxilonga ibe ngcono. Ukwethulwa kokuhlolwa kwamathe emkhakheni odokotela abavamile akugcini nje ngokwenza ukuphila kweziguli kube lula kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi kunezinkonzo zezempilo ezisezingeni eliphakeme nezifinyeleleka kalula.
Ekuphetheni, amashubhu okuqoqa amathe ayingxenye esemqoka yokwelapha namuhla njengoba enikeza indlela engenabungozi, esheshayo nenembile yokuqoqa uketshezi lomzimba. Njengoba imboni ithuthukela ezindleleni ezigxile kakhulu ezigulini, ukubaluleka kwalezi zinsimbi kuzokwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvule indawo yokuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zokuxilonga ezithuthukile ezisebenza kahle futhi ezinokwethenjelwa ezigulini.